DESPOTOVAC

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The only remaining watermill in present-day Despotovac, known as the Monastery Watermill, represents a valuable architectural achievement from the first half of the 19th century. The exact year of its construction is unknown. Based on available data, it is certain that the watermill was built by 1835. Considering its size (five wheels), it was most likely constructed jointly by Prince Đorđe (Serbian Knez Đorđe) and the Stajić family during the late third or early fourth decade of the 19th century.

 

The watermill acquired its current appearance in 1855. At that time, the abbot of the Manasija Monastery, Archimandrite Evgenije Simonović, undertook a thorough renovation and added another wheel.

 

In this form, the watermill has been preserved to this day, despite some minor alterations in more recent times, including the installation of an electric mill. Until the 1960s, the watermill in Despotovac remained operational, passing through various owners. During this period, even the Manasija Monastery was forced to sell its share. Nevertheless, the watermill is still known as the Monastery Watermill. Following its closure, the watermill began to deteriorate until 1996, when extensive restoration and maintenance work was carried out.

THE OLD WATERMILL IN DESPOTOVAC

The watermill has a rectangular base measuring 7.8m x 18.5m. It was constructed using rubble stone, with corners made of finely crafted sandstone blocks. Each of the shorter sides features a single door. The downstream longitudinal façade has four windows. The walls of the flume bed include arched openings—three on the upstream side and two on the downstream side—shaped with neatly carved archstones. Above the flume bed, there was a wooden floor structure supported by massive oak posts and beams. Eight oak beams along the longitudinal walls supported the gable roof structure, which was covered with terracotta tiles.

 

All walls were topped with a corbelled brick cornice. Externally, the walls were rendered with mortar.

 

Inside the watermill, four of the original six wheels and a large wooden milling chest (ušur) have been preserved. The milling mechanisms are located along the upstream wall, supported by two massive longitudinal beams. The original wheels and troughs for directing the water were lost due to recent modifications to the flume bed. According to older residents, the watermill once contained an open hearth and a room for the miller.

The Old Watermill in Despotovac was designated as an immovable cultural heritage – cultural monument, by a Decision of the Government of the Republic of Serbia, No. 633-1798/99, on May 22, 2001 (Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia No. 32, June 7, 2001).

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